博客的第一天：回顾半年前的基础：SQL--基础查询+年月日格式+拼接

----------------------2019/6月份 <<必知必会>>书本练习-实践练习---------------------------
---order by没有where就是在前，而又多个列的组合条件在在后面
select top 10 * from vf_tstostock_ucml
select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname from vf_tstostock_ucml where (prodcod ='al15-083' or stofcy ='l1') and vcrtypname ='杂项入仓单' order by stoid desc

select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,*from vf_tstostock_ucml where stu in('黑色.均码','dba152601.均码')

select top 10 * from vf_tstostock_ucml
select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname from vf_tstostock_ucml where not stu ='黑色.均码'
--desc降序 z-a-1
select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu from vf_tstostock_ucml where stu <> '黑色.均码'
order by bpscod desc
------------------2.-like的搜索------------------------
--不等于stu <> '黑色.均码'值 模糊查询+排序+分组
select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu from vf_tstostock_ucml where stu <> '黑色.均码'
and stu like '红%' order by bpscod desc

select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu,*from vf_tstostock_ucml where stu <> '黑色.均码'
--'红%l%' 与'红%l' 的区别：%l%这个是为了区分空格就是不被索引出来的，一般用这个哈，方正结果都一样
and stu like '红%l%'
select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu,*from vf_tstostock_ucml where stu <> '黑色.均码'
and stu like '红%l'
--12.均码 --dba150903.均码 '[^红1d]%中的^ --是脱字符--检索不属与红，1，d的开头，同时值又不等于黑色.均码的
select top 10 stoid,bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu,*from vf_tstostock_ucml where (stu <> '黑色.均码')
and stu like '[^红1d]%' order by itmcod desc
-------------------3.拼接字符-----------------------
--无效？？？50页的知识
-- select top 10 bpsnam +'(’+con_content+‘)' as 公司形象 from vf_tstostock_ucml order by itmcod
select top 10 bpsnam +'/(con_content)' as 公司形象 from vf_tstostock_ucml order by itmcod
--select top 10 bpsnam ||'(con_content)' from vf_tstostock_ucml order by itmcod --sql不能用--其他的mysql可以
--ririm函数，为确定格式化的数据，就比如拼接字符串的空啊(sum )这些。-就在需要拼接的字符串前面加ririm函数实现后变为(sum)
--ltrim函数 （去掉串左边的空格） trim(去掉两边的空格)
select top 10 * from vf_tstostock_ucml
--计算字段--就是计算他的总额 两句差不多有点相识--
select top 10 bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu,pcu*qtypcu as pq from vf_tstostock_ucml where bpscod ='z999999'
select top 10 bpscod,bpsnam,itmnam,stofcyname,stu,pcu*qtypcu as pq from vf_tstostock_ucml order by bpscod desc

--使用函数：convert()--强转日期 getdate() --获取当前日期 substring()--获取串的组成部分
--mysql这个平台使用--不同是curdate ---获取当前日期
----------------------------------groug by 分组--------------------------------------------------------------

 

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--------------------------------2019/6/15 <<即查即用>>书本练习-基础练习---------------------------
--统计的年表--
select count(totqtystu) from tsohorder where totqtystu <>1
--基础表
select top 10 * from tsohorder
--排序从小到大,,,
select * from tsohorder order by sohnum asc
--四种别名的方式
select sohid 哈哈,shipto "不服",sohtyp "你真棒",credep as "正常",* from tsohorder order by bpccod
--为聚合函数设置别名 min ,sum ,count,avg,max
select min(sohid) as '最大值',max(totlinamt) as '最大值',sum(sohid) as '总和',avg(sohid) as '平均值',count(*) as 多少 from tsohorder
--去掉重复
select distinct top 100 bpcnam from tsohorder
--总结结合-- 去掉重复 100限制查询，别名，拼接，显示返回的 列和所以，排序+降序, 模糊查询筛选，
select distinct top 100 bpcnam as '名称',sohnum +'/' as 拼接,*from tsohorder
where creusr like 'n%' and bpcnam ='散客'
order by bpccod desc
------------------------拼接+字段合计+算数运行+强转-------------------------
--拼接字符串合并为一列
--人生思考 --这个别名的用途在创建视图的时候会用到 --显示的数据便是创建别名的数字
select top 10 sohnum+'/'+bpcnam+'/'+convert(varchar(100),totlinamt) as '两列合并',*from tsohorder
--算数平均数--心得 --只对数字有用，字符串的无效
select top 10 totatilinamt+currat as '两列计算',totqtystu%totlinamt as '余数',convert(varchar(100),totlinamt/dlvsta)+'/'+bpcnam as 除法 from tsohorder

--四舍五入出错--从数据类型 varchar 转换为 float 时出错。 原因前面是整数，后面是字符串--
--想办法在里面在嵌套一层，四舍五入保留两位小数
--select top 10 totatilinamt+currat as '两列计算',totqtystu%totlinamt as '余数',round(convert(float,totlinamt/dlvsta),2)+'/'+bpcnam as 除法 from tsohorder
--保留2位小数加强转 余数：2%3,7%3
select top 10 (((totatilinamt+currat*dlvsta)*2-1))%10 as '各类加急乘除运行',totqtystu%totlinamt as '余数',convert(varchar(100),totprerecamt%totatilinamt) as '2%3或者7%3',convert(varchar(100),round(convert(float,totlinamt/dlvsta),2))+'/'+bpcnam as 除法 from tsohorder
--totlincost限时条数不等于0的数,为零的不显示，说明了少了很多条为空的数据不给它显示了
select top 100 sohid+(50*4) as 元,*from tsohorder
where totlincost <>0
--------------------------年-月--日 格式 ------------------------------------------
select top 100 sohid+(50*4) as 元,convert(varchar(100),rstprerecamt)+'元' as '金额',
convert(varchar(10),month(subtim))+'月',
getdate() as '当前操作时间',
convert(varchar(10),year(getdate()))+'-'+convert(varchar(10),month(getdate())) +'-'+'01' as '年-月=日',
dateadd(month,1,orddat)-day(dateadd(day,1,orddat)) as '日差值',
datediff(yy,'2018-10-10','2020-10-22') as '年间隔差',
datediff(month,'2018-10-10','2019-10-22') as '月间隔差',
datediff(day,'2018-10-10','2019-10-22')+1 as '日间隔差',
dateadd(month,1,orddat)-day(dateadd(month,1,orddat)) as '本月月底',
dateadd(yy,datediff(yy,0,orddat)-1, 0) as '去年第一天',
dateadd(ms,-3,dateadd(yy,datediff(yy,0,orddat), 0)) as '去年最后一年',

dateadd(yy,datediff(yy,0,orddat)+1, 0) as '本年第一天',
dateadd(ms,-3,dateadd(yy,datediff(yy,0,orddat)+2, 0)) as '本年最后一年',
dateadd(yy,datediff(yy,0,orddat)-2, 0) as '近2年开始',
dateadd(ms,-3,dateadd(yy,datediff(yy,0,orddat)+1, 0)) as '近2年结束',
---
1+2,
*from tsohorder
where totlincost<>0 and rstprerecamt<>0

select top 100 * from tsohorder
---总仓stofcyname 名字不对齐，总仓这一些一点，后面中间又是总仓-还有值为的null，会明显多出来很多，多出来400条
select stofcyname,* from vf_tpthreceipthd_ucml
---限制一个条件不等于null，（并且总仓数据的时候会比较整齐，比如说总仓的时候不会乱--，都是按照选项有序）
--同时为空的显示，少了很多条数据，有利于优化速度
select stofcyname,* from vf_tpthreceipthd_ucml
where stofcyname is not null
--===========================中间过渡- -项目实践-核心====================----
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---len 为了salfcyl的l后面的数字对其有序排序，
--salfcy asc这个不能少，少了就乱了
select len('no'),len('日期+1'),len(12345),salfcy from tsohorder
group by salfcy
order by len(salfcy) asc,salfcy asc
--where dateadd('2018',datediff('2018',0,getdate()),0) < orddat
-------------实践下视图的部分--
select
'年' as curtype,
--,null as year --年份/地点2019/12楼96档
curyear,
null as salfcy,--销售地点
null as salfcyname, --销售地点
sum(totatilinamt) as totatilinamtoder, --1.订单金额：9,000，00
count(totqtystu) as sohnumoder, --2.订单笔数
sum(totatilinamt)/count(totqtystu) as totatilinamtprice, --3.客单价unit price
count(bpccod) as sohnumbpcqty, --4.客户个数
sum(prodcodqty) as prodcodqty, --5.销售数量：980款/90.000件
sum(tsr.totqtystu) as totqtystumun, --6。发货数量：89,999件（订单上的发货汇总

sum(nsendqty) as totqtystumuncat,--未发数量 --7.非当天发货数量
sum(totatilinamt)/sum(prodcodqty) as totatilinamtpricecot ---8.均价 金额除以销售数量
from(
select
year(tsr.orddat) as curyear,
tsr.totatilinamt,
tsr.totqtystu,
tsr.bpccod,
tp.prodcodqty,
tsp.nsendqty,
tsp.nsendqty,
tsp.prodcodqty
isnull(tsr.qtypcu,0)-isnull(dtsrsdhqty,0)+isnull(d.cncqty,0) as unsendqty --2018-06-25 su 未发货数量 --2018-09-06过滤红字订单的
from
tsohorder tsr,tsodorderd tp where tsr.sohnum=tp.sohnum and h.sohsta='2'
and h.orddat>=@curyear_sdaydat
and h.orddat<=@curyear_edaydat
) as t
group by curyear,salfcy
order by len(salfcy) asc,salfcy asc
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