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SpringBoot整合MyBatis超详细教程

程序员文章站 2022-03-24 16:18:48
1.整合mybatis操作前面一篇提到了springboot整合基础的数据源jdbc、druid操作,实际项目中更常用的还是mybatis框架,而springboot整合mybatis进行crud也非...

1.整合mybatis操作

前面一篇提到了springboot整合基础的数据源jdbc、druid操作,实际项目中更常用的还是mybatis框架,而springboot整合mybatis进行crud也非常方便。

下面从配置模式、注解模式、混合模式三个方面进行说明mybatis与springboot的整合。

1.1.配置模式

mybatis配置模式是指使用mybatis配置文件的方式与springboot进行整合,相对应的就有mybatis-config.xml(用于配置驼峰命名,也可以省略这个文件)、xxxmapper.xml文件。

主要步骤为:

  • 导入mybatis官方starter
  • 编写mapper接口。标准@mapper注解
  • 编写sql映射文件并绑定mapper接口

在application.yaml中指定mapper配置文件的位置,以及指定全局配置文件的信息 (建议;配置在mybatis.configuration中,可以省略mybatis-config.xml文件)

下面是具体整合配置步骤:

①引入相关依赖pom.xml配置:

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactid>
        </dependency>

        <!--整合mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactid>
            <version>2.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>mysql</groupid>
            <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-devtools</artifactid>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
            <artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
            <artifactid>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactid>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid>
                <artifactid>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactid>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupid>org.projectlombok</groupid>
                            <artifactid>lombok</artifactid>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

②编写对应mapper接口:

@mapper  //这个注解表示了这个类是一个mybatis的mapper接口类
@repository
public interface usermapper {
    //@select("select * from user")
    list<user> findallusers();

    //@insert("insert into user(id, username, password) values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password})")
    void insert(user user);

    //@update("update user set username = #{username}, password = #{password} where id = #{id}")
    void update(user user);

    //@delete("delete from user where id = #{id}")
    void deletebyid(integer id);
}

③在resources下创建对应的mapper文件,对应domain类,数据库表单如下:

user类:

@data
public class user {
    private integer id;
    private string username;
    private string password;
}

数据库user表:

SpringBoot整合MyBatis超详细教程

usermapper.xml文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!doctype mapper public "-//mybatis.org//dtd mapper 3.0//en" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace表示当前mapper的唯一标识:一般使用domain的全路径名+mapper来命名-->
<mapper namespace="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.mapper.usermapper">
    <!--id:方法表示,一般配置对应的方法;
        resulttype:表示该方法有返回,返回需要封装到对应实体的类型-->
    <select id="findallusers" resulttype="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.entity.user">
        select * from user
    </select>

    <insert id="insert" parametertype="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.entity.user">
        insert into user(id, username, password) values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password})
    </insert>

    <update id="update" parametertype="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.entity.user">
        update user set username = #{username}, password = #{password} where id = #{id}
    </update>

    <delete id="deletebyid" parametertype="integer">
        delete from user where id = #{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

④对应配置application.yml文件:

application.yml

server:
  port: 8083

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: admin
    #假如时区报错,增加时区配置servertimezone=utc
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis02_0322?servertimezone=utc&useunicode=true&characterencoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.driver

mybatis:
  #config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml  使用了configuration注解则无需再指定mybatis-config.xml文件
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
  configuration:   #指定mybatis全局配置文件中的相关配置项
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true

1.2.注解模式

注解模式使用

主要步骤:

  • 导入mybatis官方依赖
  • 注解方式编写mapper接口
  • 在application.yaml中指定mapper配置文件的位置,以及指定全局配置文件的信息

可以看到注解模式比配置模式少了编写mapper.xml文件,简化了简单sql语句的xml文件编写。

下面是具体整合步骤:

①创建测试表单city,对应domain类:

建表sql:

create table city
(
    id    int(11) primary key auto_increment,
    name varchar(30),
    state varchar(30),
    country varchar(30)
);

city类:

@data
public class city {
    private long id;
    private string name;
    private string state;
    private string country;
}

②导入pom.xml与配置模式相同,编写注解式citymapper接口:

@mapper
@repository
public interface citymapper {
    @select("select * from city where id = #{id}")
    public city getcitybyid(long id);

    /**
     * 使用@options来增加除insert语句中其它可选参数,比如插入获取id主键的值
     * @param city
     */
    @insert("insert into city(name, state, country) values (#{name}, #{state}, #{country})")
    @options(usegeneratedkeys = true, keyproperty = "id")
    public void insert(city city);

    @update("update city set name = #{name}, state = #{state}, country = #{country} where id = #{id}")
    public void update(city city);

    @delete("delete from city where id = #{id}")
    public void deletebyid(long id);
}

③编写service层、controller层:

service相关:

public interface cityservice {
    city findcitybyid(long id);

    void insert(city city);

    void update(city city);

    void deletebyid(long id);
}


@service
public class cityserviceimpl implements cityservice {
    @autowired
    private citymapper citymapper;

    @override
    public city findcitybyid(long id) {
        return citymapper.getcitybyid(id);
    }

    @override
    public void insert(city city) {
        citymapper.insert(city);
    }

    @override
    public void update(city city) {
        citymapper.update(city);
    }

    @override
    public void deletebyid(long id) {
        citymapper.deletebyid(id);
    }
}

controller相关:

@restcontroller
@requestmapping("/city/api")
public class citycontroller {
    @autowired
    private cityservice cityservice;

    @requestmapping("/findcitybyid/{id}")
    public city findcitybyid(@pathvariable("id") long id){
        return cityservice.findcitybyid(id);
    }

    @postmapping("/insert")
    public string insert(city city){
        cityservice.insert(city);
        return "insert ok";
    }

    @postmapping("/update")
    public string update(city city){
        cityservice.update(city);
        return "update ok";
    }

    @getmapping("/delete/{id}")
    public string delete(@pathvariable("id") long id){
        cityservice.deletebyid(id);
        return "delete ok";
    }
}

④对应使用postman接口进行测试:

简单模拟接口post/get请求即可:

SpringBoot整合MyBatis超详细教程

1.3.混合模式

在实际项目开发中涉及很多复杂业务及连表查询sql,可以配合使用注解与配置模式,达到最佳实践的目的。

实际项目操作步骤:

  • 引入mybatis-starter
  • 配置application.yaml中,指定mapper-location位置即可
  • 编写mapper接口并标注@mapper注解
  • 简单方法直接注解方式
  • 复杂方法编写mapper.xml进行绑定映射
  • 主启动类上使用@mapperscan("com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.mapper") 简化mapper接口,包下所有接口就可以不用标注@mapper注解

具体配置如下:

@springbootapplication
//主启动类上标注,在xxxmapper中可以省略@mapper注解
@mapperscan("com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.mapper")
public class springbootmybatisapplication {
    public static void main(string[] args) {
        springapplication.run(springbootmybatisapplication.class, args);
    }

}


@repository
public interface citymapper {
    @select("select * from city where id = #{id}")
    public city getcitybyid(long id);

    /**
     * 使用@options来增加除insert语句中其它可选参数,比如插入获取id主键的值
     * @param city
     */
    @insert("insert into city(name, state, country) values (#{name}, #{state}, #{country})")
    @options(usegeneratedkeys = true, keyproperty = "id")
    public void insert(city city);

    @update("update city set name = #{name}, state = #{state}, country = #{country} where id = #{id}")
    public void update(city city);

    @delete("delete from city where id = #{id}")
    public void deletebyid(long id);
}

本博客参考写作文档:

springboot2核心技术与响应式编程

博客涉及代码示例均已上传至github地址:

springbootstudy

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