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mysql中数据去重和优化_MySQL

程序员文章站 2024-02-08 09:35:46
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mysql中数据去重和优化

更改表user_info的主键uid为自增的id后,忘了设置原来主键uid属性为unique,结果导致产生uid重复的记录。为此需要清理后来插入的重复记录。

基本方法可以参考后面的附上的资料,但是由于mysql不支持同时对一个表进行操作,即子查询和要进行的操作不能是同一个表,因此需要通过零时表中转一下。

写在前面:数据量大时,一定要多涉及的关键字段创建索引!!!否则很慢很慢很慢,慢到想死的心都有了

1 单字段重复

生成零时表,其中uid是需要去重的字段

create table tmpuid as (select uid from userinfo group by uid having count(uid))

create table tmpid as (select min(id) from userinfo group by uid having count(uid))

数据量大时一定要为uid创建索引

create index indexuid on tmpuid

create index indexid on tmpid

删除多余的重复记录,保留重复项中id最小的

delete from user_info where id not in (select id from tmp_id) and uid in (select uid from tmp_uid)

2.多字段重复

由uid的重复间接的导致了relationship中的记录重复,故继续去重。先介绍正常处理流程,在介绍本人根据自身数据特点实践的更加有效的方法!

2.1一般方法

基本的同上面:

生成零时表

create table tmp_relation as (select source,target from relationship group by source,target having count(*)>1)

create table tmprelationshipid as (select min(id) as id from relationship group by source,target having count(*)>1)

创建索引

create index indexid on tmprelationship_id

删除

delete from relationship where id not in (select id from tmprelationshipid) and (source,target) in (select source,target from relationship)

2.2 实践出真知

实践中发现上面的删除字段重复的方法,由于没有办法为多字段重建索引,导致数据量大时效率极低,低到无法忍受。最后,受不了等了半天没反应的状况,本人决定,另辟蹊径。

考虑到,估计同一记录的重复次数比较低。一般为2,或3,重复次数比较集中。所以可以尝试直接删除重复项中最大的,直到删除到不重复,这时其id自然也是当时重复的里边最小的。

大致流程如下:

1)选择每个重复项中id最大的一个记录

create table tmprelationid2 as (select max(id) from relationship group by source,target having count(*)>1)

2)创建索引(仅需在第一次时执行)

create index indexid on tmprelation_id2

3)删除 重复项中id最大的记录

delete from relationship where id in (select id from tmprelationid2)

4)删除临时表

drop table tmprelationid2

重复上述步骤1),2),3),4),直到创建的临时表中不存在记录就结束(对于重复次数的数据,比较高效)

查询及删除重复记录的方法

(一) 1、查找表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断 select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)

2、删除表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断,只留有rowid最小的记录 delete from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )>1)

3、查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段) select * from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)

4、删除表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),只留有rowid最小的记录 delete from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count() > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count()>1)

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