Android使用MediaRecorder实现录音及播放

现在项目中有使用到音视频相关技术，在参考了网上各种大牛的资料及根据自己项目实际情况（兼容安卓6.0以上版本动态权限管理等），把声音录制及播放相关代码做个记录。

public class mediarecorderactivity extends baseactivity {
  private button start_tv;
  private listview listview;
  //线程操作
  private executorservice mexecutorservice;
  //录音api
  private mediarecorder mmediarecorder;
  //录音开始时间与结束时间
  private long starttime, endtime;
  //录音所保存的文件
  private file maudiofile;
  //文件列表数据
  private list<filebean> datalist;
  //录音文件数据列表适配器
  private audioadapter maudioadapter;
  //录音文件保存位置
  private string mfilepath = environment.getexternalstoragedirectory().getabsolutepath() + "/audio/";
  //当前是否正在播放
  private volatile boolean isplaying;
  //播放音频文件api
  private mediaplayer mediaplayer;
  //使用handler更新ui线程
  private handler mhandler = new handler() {
    @override
    public void handlemessage(message msg) {
      super.handlemessage(msg);
      switch (msg.what) {
        case constant.record_success:
          //录音成功，展示数据
          if (null == maudioadapter) {
            maudioadapter = new audioadapter(mediarecorderactivity.this, datalist, r.layout.file_item_layout);
          }
          listview.setadapter(maudioadapter);
          break;
        //录音失败
        case constant.record_fail:
          showtoastmsg(getstring(r.string.record_fail));
          break;
        //录音时间太短
        case constant.record_too_short:
          showtoastmsg(getstring(r.string.time_too_short));
          break;
        case constant.play_completion:
          showtoastmsg(getstring(r.string.play_over));
          break;
        case constant.play_error:
          showtoastmsg(getstring(r.string.play_error));
          break;

      }
    }
  };

  @override
  protected void setwindowview() {
    setcontentview(r.layout.activity_record);
    //录音及播放要使用单线程操作
    mexecutorservice = executors.newsinglethreadexecutor();
    datalist = new arraylist<>();
  }

  @override
  protected void initviews() {
    this.start_tv = (button) findviewbyid(r.id.start_tv);
    this.listview = (listview) findviewbyid(r.id.listview);
  }

  @override
  protected void initevents() {
    //类似微信等应用按住说话进行录音，所以用ontouch事件
    this.start_tv.setontouchlistener(new view.ontouchlistener() {
      @override
      public boolean ontouch(view view, motionevent motionevent) {
        switch (motionevent.getaction()) {
          //按下操作
          case motionevent.action_down:
            //安卓6.0以上录音相应权限处理
            if (build.version.sdk_int > 22) {
              permissionform();
            } else {
              startrecord();
            }
            break;
          //松开操作
          case motionevent.action_cancel:
          case motionevent.action_up:
            stoprecord();
            break;
        }
        //对ontouch事件做了处理，返回true
        return true;
      }
    });
    //点击播放对应的录音文件
    this.listview.setonitemclicklistener(new adapterview.onitemclicklistener() {
      @override
      public void onitemclick(adapterview<?> adapterview, view view, int i, long l) {
        //使用mediaplayer播放声音文件
        startplay(datalist.get(i).getfile());
      }
    });
  }


  /**
   * @description 开始进行录音
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 9:18
   */
  private void startrecord() {
    start_tv.settext(r.string.stop_by_up);
    start_tv.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.bg_gray_round);
    //异步任务执行录音操作
    mexecutorservice.submit(new runnable() {
      @override
      public void run() {
        //播放前释放资源
        releaserecorder();
        //执行录音操作
        recordoperation();
      }
    });
  }

  /**
   * @description 录音失败处理
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 9:35
   */
  private void recordfail() {
    maudiofile = null;
    mhandler.sendemptymessage(constant.record_fail);
  }

  /**
   * @description 录音操作
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 9:34
   */
  private void recordoperation() {
    //创建mediarecorder对象
    mmediarecorder = new mediarecorder();
    //创建录音文件,.m4a为mpeg-4音频标准的文件的扩展名
    maudiofile = new file(mfilepath + system.currenttimemillis() + ".m4a");
    //创建父文件夹
    maudiofile.getparentfile().mkdirs();
    try {
      //创建文件
      maudiofile.createnewfile();
      //配置mmediarecorder相应参数
      //从麦克风采集声音数据
      mmediarecorder.setaudiosource(mediarecorder.audiosource.mic);
      //设置保存文件格式为mp4
      mmediarecorder.setoutputformat(mediarecorder.outputformat.mpeg_4);
      //设置采样频率,44100是所有安卓设备都支持的频率,频率越高，音质越好，当然文件越大
      mmediarecorder.setaudiosamplingrate(44100);
      //设置声音数据编码格式,音频通用格式是aac
      mmediarecorder.setaudioencoder(mediarecorder.audioencoder.aac);
      //设置编码频率
      mmediarecorder.setaudioencodingbitrate(96000);
      //设置录音保存的文件
      mmediarecorder.setoutputfile(maudiofile.getabsolutepath());
      //开始录音
      mmediarecorder.prepare();
      mmediarecorder.start();
      //记录开始录音时间
      starttime = system.currenttimemillis();
    } catch (exception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
      recordfail();
    }
  }


  /**
   * @description 结束录音操作
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 9:18
   */
  private void stoprecord() {
    start_tv.settext(r.string.speak_by_press);
    start_tv.setbackgroundresource(r.drawable.bg_white_round);
    //停止录音
    mmediarecorder.stop();
    //记录停止时间
    endtime = system.currenttimemillis();
    //录音时间处理，比如只有大于2秒的录音才算成功
    int time = (int) ((endtime - starttime) / 1000);
    if (time >= 3) {
      //录音成功,添加数据
      filebean bean = new filebean();
      bean.setfile(maudiofile);
      bean.setfilelength(time);
      datalist.add(bean);
      //录音成功,发message
      mhandler.sendemptymessage(constant.record_success);
    } else {
      maudiofile = null;
      mhandler.sendemptymessage(constant.record_too_short);
    }
    //录音完成释放资源
    releaserecorder();
  }

  /**
   * @description 翻放录音相关资源
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 9:33
   */
  private void releaserecorder() {
    if (null != mmediarecorder) {
      mmediarecorder.release();
      mmediarecorder = null;
    }
  }

  @override
  public void onclick(view view) {

  }

  @override
  protected void ondestroy() {
    super.ondestroy();
    //页面销毁，线程要关闭
    mexecutorservice.shutdownnow();
  }
  /*******6.0以上版本手机权限处理***************************/
  /**
   * @description 兼容手机6.0权限管理
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2016/5/24 14:59
   */
  private void permissionform() {
    if (contextcompat.checkselfpermission(this,
        manifest.permission.record_audio) != packagemanager.permission_granted || contextcompat.checkselfpermission(this,
        manifest.permission.write_external_storage) != packagemanager.permission_granted) {

      activitycompat.requestpermissions(this,
          new string[]{manifest.permission.record_audio, manifest.permission.write_external_storage},
          constant.permissions_request_for_audio);
    } else {
      startrecord();
    }

  }

  @override
  public void onrequestpermissionsresult(int requestcode,
                      @nonnull string[] permissions, @nonnull int[] grantresults) {

    if (requestcode == constant.permissions_request_for_audio) {
      if (grantresults[0] == packagemanager.permission_granted) {
        startrecord();
      }
      return;
    }
    super.onrequestpermissionsresult(requestcode, permissions, grantresults);
  }

  /**
   * @description 播放音频
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 16:54
   */
  private void playaudio(final file mfile) {
    if (null != mfile && !isplaying) {
      isplaying = true;
      mexecutorservice.submit(new runnable() {
        @override
        public void run() {
          startplay(mfile);
        }
      });
    }
  }

  /**
   * @description 开始播放音频文件
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 16:56
   */
  private void startplay(file mfile) {
    try {
      //初始化播放器
      mediaplayer = new mediaplayer();
      //设置播放音频数据文件
      mediaplayer.setdatasource(mfile.getabsolutepath());
      //设置播放监听事件
      mediaplayer.setoncompletionlistener(new mediaplayer.oncompletionlistener() {
        @override
        public void oncompletion(mediaplayer mediaplayer) {
          //播放完成
          playendorfail(true);
        }
      });
      //播放发生错误监听事件
      mediaplayer.setonerrorlistener(new mediaplayer.onerrorlistener() {
        @override
        public boolean onerror(mediaplayer mediaplayer, int i, int i1) {
          playendorfail(false);
          return true;
        }
      });
      //播放器音量配置
      mediaplayer.setvolume(1, 1);
      //是否循环播放
      mediaplayer.setlooping(false);
      //准备及播放
      mediaplayer.prepare();
      mediaplayer.start();
    } catch (ioexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
      //播放失败正理
      playendorfail(false);
    }

  }

  /**
   * @description 停止播放或播放失败处理
   * @author ldm
   * @time 2017/2/9 16:58
   */
  private void playendorfail(boolean isend) {
    isplaying = false;
    if (isend) {
      mhandler.sendemptymessage(constant.play_completion);
    } else {
      mhandler.sendemptymessage(constant.play_error);
    }
    if (null != mediaplayer) {
      mediaplayer.setoncompletionlistener(null);
      mediaplayer.setonerrorlistener(null);
      mediaplayer.stop();
      mediaplayer.reset();
      mediaplayer.release();
      mediaplayer = null;
    }
  }
}

页面布局

<linearlayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:paddingleft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingright="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingtop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingbottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">

  <button
      android:id="@+id/start_tv"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:text="开始录音"
      android:textsize="16sp"
      />

  <listview
      android:id="@+id/listview"
      android:layout_width="match_parent"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:divider="#d1d1d1"
      android:dividerheight="1dp"
      android:scrollbars="none"
      android:layout_margintop="10dp"
      android:layout_marginbottom="10dp"></listview>

</linearlayout>

对应资源文件strings.xml：

<resources>
  <string name="app_name">mediarecorder</string>
  <string name="record_fail">录音失败</string>
  <string name="time_too_short">时间太短，请重新录音</string>
  <string name="play_over">播放完成</string>
  <string name="play_error">抱歉，播放发生异常</string>
  <string name="stop_by_up">松开停止录音</string>
  <string name="speak_by_press">按住说话</string>
  <string name="start_record">开始录音</string>
  <string name="stop_record">停止录音</string>
</resources>

录音相关权限 ：

<!--sd卡权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.write_external_storage"/>
<!--录音权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.record_audio"/>

安卓录制播放音频：https://github.com/ldm520/android_media

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。