JAVA发送HTTP请求的四种方式总结

源代码：http://github.com/lovewenyo/httpdemo

1. httpurlconnection

使用jdk原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

httpurlconnection是urlconnection的子类，提供更多的方法，使用更方便。

package httpurlconnection;

import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.inputstream;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;

import java.net.httpurlconnection;
import java.net.url;

public class httpurlconnectionhelper {

 public static string sendrequest(string urlparam,string requesttype) {

  httpurlconnection con = null; 

  bufferedreader buffer = null; 
  stringbuffer resultbuffer = null; 

  try {
   url url = new url(urlparam); 
   //得到连接对象
   con = (httpurlconnection) url.openconnection(); 
   //设置请求类型
   con.setrequestmethod(requesttype); 
   //设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型
   con.setrequestproperty("content-type", "application/json;charset=gbk"); 
   //允许写出
   con.setdooutput(true);
   //允许读入
   con.setdoinput(true);
   //不使用缓存
   con.setusecaches(false);
   //得到响应码
   int responsecode = con.getresponsecode();

   if(responsecode == httpurlconnection.http_ok){
    //得到响应流
    inputstream inputstream = con.getinputstream();
    //将响应流转换成字符串
    resultbuffer = new stringbuffer();
    string line;
    buffer = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(inputstream, "gbk"));
    while ((line = buffer.readline()) != null) {
     resultbuffer.append(line);
    }
    return resultbuffer.tostring();
   }

  }catch(exception e) {
   e.printstacktrace();
  }
  return "";
 }
 public static void main(string[] args) {

  string url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
  system.out.println(sendrequest(url,"post"));
 }
}

2. urlconnection

使用jdk原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

建议使用httpurlconnection

package urlconnection;

import java.io.bufferedreader;
import java.io.inputstream;
import java.io.inputstreamreader;
import java.net.httpurlconnection;
import java.net.url;
import java.net.urlconnection;

public class urlconnectionhelper {

 public static string sendrequest(string urlparam) {

  urlconnection con = null; 

  bufferedreader buffer = null; 
  stringbuffer resultbuffer = null; 

  try {
    url url = new url(urlparam); 
    con = url.openconnection(); 

   //设置请求需要返回的数据类型和字符集类型
   con.setrequestproperty("content-type", "application/json;charset=gbk"); 
   //允许写出
   con.setdooutput(true);
   //允许读入
   con.setdoinput(true);
   //不使用缓存
   con.setusecaches(false);
   //得到响应流
   inputstream inputstream = con.getinputstream();
   //将响应流转换成字符串
   resultbuffer = new stringbuffer();
   string line;
   buffer = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(inputstream, "gbk"));
   while ((line = buffer.readline()) != null) {
    resultbuffer.append(line);
   }
   return resultbuffer.tostring();

  }catch(exception e) {
   e.printstacktrace();
  }

  return "";
 }
 public static void main(string[] args) {
  string url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
  system.out.println(sendrequest(url));
 }
}

3. httpclient

使用方便，我个人偏爱这种方式，但依赖于第三方jar包，相关maven依赖如下：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient -->
<dependency>
 <groupid>commons-httpclient</groupid>
 <artifactid>commons-httpclient</artifactid>
 <version>3.1</version>
</dependency

package httpclient;

import java.io.ioexception;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.httpclient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.httpexception;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.getmethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.postmethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.httpmethodparams;

public class httpclienthelper {
 public static string sendpost(string urlparam) throws httpexception, ioexception {
  // 创建httpclient实例对象
  httpclient httpclient = new httpclient();
  // 设置httpclient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
  httpclient.gethttpconnectionmanager().getparams().setconnectiontimeout(15000);
  // 创建post请求方法实例对象
  postmethod postmethod = new postmethod(urlparam);
  // 设置post请求超时时间
  postmethod.getparams().setparameter(httpmethodparams.so_timeout, 60000);
  postmethod.addrequestheader("content-type", "application/json");

  httpclient.executemethod(postmethod);

  string result = postmethod.getresponsebodyasstring();
  postmethod.releaseconnection();
  return result;
 }
 public static string sendget(string urlparam) throws httpexception, ioexception {
  // 创建httpclient实例对象
  httpclient httpclient = new httpclient();
  // 设置httpclient连接主机服务器超时时间：15000毫秒
  httpclient.gethttpconnectionmanager().getparams().setconnectiontimeout(15000);
  // 创建get请求方法实例对象
  getmethod getmethod = new getmethod(urlparam);
  // 设置post请求超时时间
  getmethod.getparams().setparameter(httpmethodparams.so_timeout, 60000);
  getmethod.addrequestheader("content-type", "application/json");

  httpclient.executemethod(getmethod);

  string result = getmethod.getresponsebodyasstring();
  getmethod.releaseconnection();
  return result;
 }
 public static void main(string[] args) throws httpexception, ioexception {
  string url ="http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?ip=120.79.75.96";
  system.out.println(sendpost(url));
  system.out.println(sendget(url));
 }
}

4. socket

使用jdk原生提供的net，无需其他jar包；

使用起来有点麻烦。

package socket;
import java.io.bufferedinputstream; 
import java.io.bufferedreader; 
import java.io.bufferedwriter; 
import java.io.ioexception; 
import java.io.inputstreamreader; 
import java.io.outputstreamwriter; 
import java.net.socket; 
import java.net.urlencoder; 

import javax.net.ssl.sslsocket; 
import javax.net.ssl.sslsocketfactory; 

public class socketforhttptest { 

 private int port; 
 private string host; 
 private socket socket; 
 private bufferedreader bufferedreader; 
 private bufferedwriter bufferedwriter; 

 public socketforhttptest(string host,int port) throws exception{ 

  this.host = host; 
  this.port = port; 

  /** 
   * http协议 
   */ 
  // socket = new socket(this.host, this.port); 

  /** 
   * https协议 
   */ 
  socket = (sslsocket)((sslsocketfactory)sslsocketfactory.getdefault()).createsocket(this.host, this.port); 


 } 

 public void sendget() throws ioexception{ 
  //string requesturlpath = "/z69183787/article/details/17580325"; 
  string requesturlpath = "/";   

  outputstreamwriter streamwriter = new outputstreamwriter(socket.getoutputstream()); 
  bufferedwriter = new bufferedwriter(streamwriter);    
  bufferedwriter.write("get " + requesturlpath + " http/1.1\r\n"); 
  bufferedwriter.write("host: " + this.host + "\r\n"); 
  bufferedwriter.write("\r\n"); 
  bufferedwriter.flush(); 

  bufferedinputstream streamreader = new bufferedinputstream(socket.getinputstream()); 
  bufferedreader = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(streamreader, "utf-8")); 
  string line = null; 
  while((line = bufferedreader.readline())!= null){ 
   system.out.println(line); 
  } 
  bufferedreader.close(); 
  bufferedwriter.close(); 
  socket.close(); 

 } 


 public void sendpost() throws ioexception{ 
   string path = "/"; 
   string data = urlencoder.encode("name", "utf-8") + "=" + urlencoder.encode("张三", "utf-8") + "&" + 
      urlencoder.encode("age", "utf-8") + "=" + urlencoder.encode("32", "utf-8"); 
   // string data = "name=zhigang_jia"; 
   system.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>"+data);    
   outputstreamwriter streamwriter = new outputstreamwriter(socket.getoutputstream(), "utf-8"); 
   bufferedwriter = new bufferedwriter(streamwriter);     
   bufferedwriter.write("post " + path + " http/1.1\r\n"); 
   bufferedwriter.write("host: " + this.host + "\r\n"); 
   bufferedwriter.write("content-length: " + data.length() + "\r\n"); 
   bufferedwriter.write("content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n"); 
   bufferedwriter.write("\r\n"); 
   bufferedwriter.write(data); 

   bufferedwriter.write("\r\n"); 
   bufferedwriter.flush(); 

   bufferedinputstream streamreader = new bufferedinputstream(socket.getinputstream()); 
   bufferedreader = new bufferedreader(new inputstreamreader(streamreader, "utf-8")); 
   string line = null; 
   while((line = bufferedreader.readline())!= null) 
   { 
    system.out.println(line); 
   } 
   bufferedreader.close(); 
   bufferedwriter.close(); 
   socket.close(); 
 } 

 public static void main(string[] args) throws exception { 
  /** 
   * http协议测试 
   */ 
  //socketforhttptest forhttptest = new socketforhttptest("www.baidu.com", 80); 
  /** 
   * https协议测试 
   */ 
  socketforhttptest forhttptest = new socketforhttptest("www.baidu.com", 443); 
  try { 
   forhttptest.sendget(); 
  // forhttptest.sendpost(); 
  } catch (ioexception e) { 

   e.printstacktrace(); 
  } 
 } 

} 

总结

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