python实现五子棋游戏（pygame版）

本文实例为大家分享了python五子棋游戏的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

目录

• 简介
• 实现过程
• 结语
  

简介

使用python实现pygame版的五子棋游戏；

环境：windows系统+python3.8.0

游戏规则：

1.分两位棋手对战，默认黑棋先下；当在棋盘点击左键，即在该位置绘制黑棋；

2.自动切换到白棋，当在棋盘点击左键，即在该位置绘制白棋；

3.轮流切换棋手下棋，当那方先形成5子连线者获胜（横、竖、斜、反斜四个方向都可以）。

游戏运行效果如下：

实现过程

1.新建文件settings.py，用来定义一些必须的基本属性和初始值；

class settings():
 def __init__(self):
 """初始化的游戏配置"""
 # 屏幕宽高
 self.width = 700
 self.height = 554
 # 文字颜色和大小
 self.fontsize = 14
 self.fonttype = 'simsunnsimsun'
 # 棋盘格数
 self.number = 15
 # 棋盘左边距、上边距和间隔
 self.bd_left = 30
 self.bd_top = 30
 self.bd_space = 36
 # 判断游戏是否结束（默认开始）
 self.game_active = true
 # 判断哪方下棋（默认黑子先写）
 self.chess_player = 1
 self.prompt_info = '当前棋手：黑棋'
 # 开始校验输赢（两边合计9，因为已经有一边5步）
 self.win_number = 0
 # 设置背景图、黑棋图片、白棋图片路径
 self.checkerboard_bg = 'images/checkerboard_bg.png'
 self.black_chess = 'images/black_chess.png'
 self.white_chess = 'images/white_chess.png'
 # 存储落子数据
 self.move_chess = []

2.新建文件checkerboard.py，主要用来绘制背景图和棋格线；

import sys
import pygame
 
class checkerboard():
 def __init__(self, ck_settings, screen, position):
 self.ck_settings = ck_settings
 self.screen = screen
 self.position = position
 
 # 颜色和坐标大小
 self.text_color = (0, 0, 0)
 self.font = pygame.font.sysfont(ck_settings.fonttype, ck_settings.fontsize)
 # 存储棋子坐标
 self.checkerboard = []
 # 加载背景图、黑棋和白棋（当有图片不存在时，打印错误并退出游戏）
 try:
 self.bg_image = pygame.image.load(ck_settings.checkerboard_bg) 
 self.black_image = pygame.image.load(ck_settings.black_chess).convert_alpha() # convert_alpha背景透明
 self.white_image = pygame.image.load(ck_settings.white_chess).convert_alpha()
 self.chess_rect = self.black_image.get_rect()
 except exception as e:
 print('error:', e)
 sys.exit()
 
 def draw_board(self): 
 # 存储棋子坐标 
 for i in range(self.ck_settings.number):
 self.checkerboard.append([])
 for j in range(self.ck_settings.number):
 self.checkerboard[i].append(self.position(self.ck_settings.bd_left + i * self.ck_settings.bd_space, self.ck_settings.bd_top + j * self.ck_settings.bd_space))
 # 绘制棋盘坐标
 for i in range(0, self.ck_settings.number):
 # ord返回字符的ascii数值，chr再返回字符
 x_text = self.font.render(chr(ord('a') + i), true, self.text_color) # a-o
 y_text = self.font.render(str(i + 1), true, self.text_color) # 1-15
 
 # 绘制xy轴坐标（在棋盘背景图绘制）
 self.bg_image.blit(x_text, (self.checkerboard[i][0].x - x_text.get_width() / 2, self.checkerboard[i][0].y - 20))
 self.bg_image.blit(y_text, (self.checkerboard[0][i].x - 20, self.checkerboard[0][i].y - y_text.get_height() / 2))
  
 # 绘制横竖线（在棋盘背景图绘制）
 pygame.draw.line(self.bg_image, self.text_color, self.checkerboard[0][i], self.checkerboard[self.ck_settings.number-1][i])
 pygame.draw.line(self.bg_image, self.text_color, self.checkerboard[i][0], self.checkerboard[i][self.ck_settings.number-1])
 # 绘制棋盘背景图
 self.screen.blit(self.bg_image, (0, 0))

3.新建文件infopanel.py，主要用来绘制棋盘右边提示信息（暂时只有显示下棋方和获胜信息）；

import pygame.font
class infopanel():
 def __init__(self, ck_settings, screen):
 """初始化属性"""
 self.settings = ck_settings
 self.screen = screen
 self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
 # 设置文字颜色和字体大小
 self.info_color = (217, 8, 10)
 self.font = pygame.font.sysfont(ck_settings.fonttype, 16)
 
 def draw_info(self, info):
 """将文字渲染为图像，并定位到右边水平居中"""
 self.info_image = self.font.render(info, true, self.info_color)
 self.info_image_rect = self.info_image.get_rect()
 self.info_image_rect.right = self.screen_rect.right - (self.screen_rect.width - 536 - self.info_image_rect.width) / 2
 self.info_image_rect.top = 50
 # 绘制到屏幕
 self.screen.blit(self.info_image, self.info_image_rect)

4.新建文件“game_functions.py”，存放跟游戏有关的所有业务逻辑函数；

import sys
import pygame
 
# 棋
def update_board(ck_settings, cb, index_coordinates, position):
 """更新棋盘信息"""
 # 判断棋手（黑棋或白棋）
 if ck_settings.chess_player == 1:
 ck_settings.prompt_info = '当前棋手：白棋'
 img = cb.black_image
 chess_type = 'black'
 else:
 ck_settings.prompt_info = '当前棋手：黑棋'
 img = cb.white_image
 chess_type = 'white'
 
 """落棋"""
 dropstate = check_at(ck_settings, index_coordinates)
 if dropstate:
 i, j = index_coordinates
 chess_x = cb.checkerboard[j][i].x - cb.chess_rect.width / 2
 chess_y = cb.checkerboard[j][i].y - cb.chess_rect.height / 2
 # 累计步数（两边合计）
 ck_settings.win_number += 1
 # 落子并转换棋手
 ck_settings.move_chess.append({'type': chess_type, 'coord': position(i, j)})
 cb.bg_image.blit(img, (chess_x, chess_y))
 ck_settings.chess_player *= -1
 # 合计9步开始校验输赢
 if ck_settings.win_number >= 9:
 check_stats(ck_settings, (i, j)) 
 else:
 ck_settings.prompt_info = '已经有其他棋子'
 
 
# 检查(i,j)位置是否已占用 
def check_at(ck_settings, index_coordinates):
 for item in ck_settings.move_chess:
 if index_coordinates == item['coord']:
 return false
 return true
 
def check_stats(ck_settings, pos):
 """校验四个方向，是否有了输赢"""
 pos_i, pos_j = pos
 directs = [(1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, -1)] # 横、竖、斜、反斜 四个方向检查 
 for direct in directs:
 line_checkerboard = []
 d_x, d_y = direct
 
 last = ck_settings.move_chess[-1]
 line_ball = [] # 存放在一条线上的棋子
 for ball in ck_settings.move_chess:
 # 跟最后落子判断
 if ball['type'] == last['type']:
 x = ball['coord'].x - last['coord'].x 
 y = ball['coord'].y - last['coord'].y
 if d_x == 0:
  if x == 0:
  line_ball.append(ball['coord'])
 if d_y == 0:
  if y == 0:
  line_ball.append(ball['coord'])
 if x * d_y == y * d_x:
  line_ball.append(ball['coord'])
 
 if len(line_ball) >= 5: # 只有5子及以上才继续判断
 sorted_line = sorted(line_ball)
 for i, item in enumerate(sorted_line): 
 index = i + 4
 if index < len(sorted_line):
  if d_x == 0:
  y1 = item.y
  y2 = sorted_line[index].y
  # 此点和第5个点比较y值，如相差为4则连成5子
  if abs(y1 - y2) == 4:
  ck_settings.prompt_info = '黑棋获胜' if last['type'] == 'black' else '白棋获胜'
  else:
  x1 = item.x
  x2 = sorted_line[index].x
  # 此点和第5个点比较x值，如相差为4则连成5子
  if abs(x1 - x2) == 4:
  ck_settings.prompt_info = '黑棋获胜' if last['type'] == 'black' else '白棋获胜'
 else:
  break
 
# 事件
def check_events(ck_settings, cb, position):
 """监听事件"""
 for event in pygame.event.get():
 if event.type == pygame.quit:
 sys.exit()
 elif event.type == pygame.mousebuttondown:
 # 点击左键
 if event.button == 1:
 pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() # 获取点击实际坐标
 # 判断是否溢出
 x_first = cb.checkerboard[0][0].x
 x_last = cb.checkerboard[ck_settings.number - 1][ck_settings.number - 1].x
 y_first = cb.checkerboard[0][0].y
 y_last = cb.checkerboard[ck_settings.number - 1][ck_settings.number - 1].y
 if pos[0] < x_first or pos[0] > x_last or pos[1] < y_first or pos[1] > y_last:
  ck_settings.prompt_info = '落子位置不正确！'
 else:
  index_coordinates = to_index(ck_settings, pos)
  update_board(ck_settings, cb, index_coordinates, position)
 
def to_index(ck_settings, pos):
 """实际坐标转换为棋盘下标"""
 i = round((pos[1] - ck_settings.bd_top) / ck_settings.bd_space)
 j = round((pos[0] - ck_settings.bd_left) / ck_settings.bd_space)
 return (i, j)

5.新建文件gobang.py，主函数用来初始化程序，并同步更新程序的信息；

import pygame
from settings import settings
from checkerboard import checkerboard
from collections import namedtuple
import game_functions as gf
from infopanel import infopanel
 
def run_game():
 """运行游戏"""
 # 初始化游戏屏幕
 pygame.init()
 # 创建时钟对象 (可以控制游戏循环频率)
 clock = pygame.time.clock()
 # 配置实例化
 ck_settings = settings() 
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((ck_settings.width, ck_settings.height))
 pygame.display.set_caption('五子棋游戏')
 # namedtuple创建类似于元组的数据类型，除了可以用索引访问，能够迭代，还能用属性名访问数据
 position = namedtuple('position', ['x', 'y'])
 # 创建实例
 cb = checkerboard(ck_settings, screen, position)
 
 # 实例化面板信息
 infopanel = infopanel(ck_settings, screen)
 
 while ck_settings.game_active:
 # 绘制棋盘
 cb.draw_board()
 # 绘制面板信息
 infopanel.draw_info(ck_settings.prompt_info)
 # 检查玩家事件并更新棋盘
 gf.check_events(ck_settings, cb, position)
 # 让最近绘制的屏幕可见
 pygame.display.flip()
 
 # 通过时钟对象指定循环频率
 clock.tick(60) # 每秒循环60次
 
run_game()

6.在文件gobang.py目录路径下，执行命令“python gobang.py”弹出窗口，即可对其操作游玩。

结语

该游戏只是实现了基础功能，还有很多可优化的功能：

1.根据实际情况加上更详细的面板信息（比如倒计时等）；

2.加上开始游戏按钮，可参考前面python实例；

3.胜负榜单等，可参考前面python实例。

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。