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.Net 配置文件——继承ConfigurationSection实现自定义处理类处理自定义配置节点

程序员文章站 2022-07-23 11:44:15
  除了使用继承IConfigurationSectionHandler的方法定义处理自定义节点的类,还可以通过继承ConfigurationSection类实现同样效...

 

除了使用继承IConfigurationSectionHandler的方法定义处理自定义节点的类,还可以通过继承ConfigurationSection类实现同样效果。

 

首先说下.Net配置文件中一个潜规则:

 

在配置节点时,对于想要进行存储的参数数据,可以采用两种方式:一种是存储到节点的属性中,另一种是存储在节点的文本中。

因为一个节点可以有很多属性,但是只要一个innertext,而要在程序中将这两种形式区分开会带来复杂性。 为了避免这个问题,.net的配置文件只是用属性存储而不使用innertext.

 

接着,我们来写一个符合这个潜规则的自定义配置文件,方便测试:

 


    
      
      
      
      
    
  

 

接着,我们来写相应的处理类,这里我们由内向外来写:

 

首先是最内层的mailServer:

 

 

 /// 
    /// Class MailServerElement:用于映射mailServer节点,这里是实际存储数据的地方;
    /// 
    /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:51:57
    public sealed class MailServerElement : ConfigurationElement  //配置文件中的配置元素
    {

        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the client.
        /// 
        /// The client.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:40
        [ConfigurationProperty("client", IsKey = true, IsRequired = true)]  //client是必须的key属性,有点儿主键的意思,例如,如果定义多个client相同的节点,循环读取的话就只读取到最后一个值
        public string Client
        {
            get
            {
                return this["client"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["client"] = value;
            }

        }
        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the address.
        /// 
        /// The address.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:38
        [ConfigurationProperty("address")]
        public string Address
        {
            get
            {
                return this["address"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["address"] = value;
            }

        }
        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the name of the user.
        /// 
        /// The name of the user.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:35
        [ConfigurationProperty("userName")]
        public string UserName
        {

            get
            {
                return this["userName"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["userName"] = value;
            }

        }
        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the password.
        /// 
        /// The password.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:33
        [ConfigurationProperty("password")]
        public string Password
        {

            get
            {
                return this["password"] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this["password"] = value;
            }

        }



    }

 

 

 

接着是mailServers,它是一个mailServer的集合:

 

 

 /// 
    /// Class MailServerCollection:映射mailServers节点,为一个集合类,另外还包含了很多对节点的操作方法,大部分继承自ConfigurationElementCollection
    /// 
    /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:52:00
    public sealed class MailServerCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
    {
        /// 
        /// 获取  的类型。
        /// 
        /// The type of the collection.
        /// 此集合的 。
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:08
        public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType
        {
            get
            {
                return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;
            }
         
        }


        /// 
        /// 当在派生的类中重写时,创建一个新的 。
        /// 
        /// 新的 。
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:03
        protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
        {
            return new MailServerElement();
        }

        /// 
        /// 在派生类中重写时获取指定配置元素的元素键。
        /// 
        ///要为其返回键的 。
        /// 一个 ,用作指定  的键。
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:04:51
        protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
        {
            return (element as MailServerElement).Client;
        }

        /// 
        /// 获取在派生的类中重写时用于标识配置文件中此元素集合的名称。
        /// 
        /// The name of the element.
        /// 集合的名称;否则为空字符串。默认值为空字符串。
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:41:40
        protected override string ElementName
        {
            get
            {
                return "mailServer";
            }
        }


        /// 
        /// 获取集合中的元素数。
        /// 
        /// The count.
        /// 集合中的元素数。
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:08:24
        public new int Count
        {
            get { return base.Count; }
        }

        /// 
        /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。
        /// 
        ///The index.
        /// MailServerElement.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch
        public MailServerElement this[int index]
        {

            get { return BaseGet(index) as MailServerElement; }
            set
            {
                if (BaseGet(index) != null)
                {
                    BaseRemoveAt(index);
                }
                BaseAdd(index, value);
            }

        }

        /// 
        /// 获取或设置此配置元素的属性、特性或子元素。
        /// 
        ///The name.
        /// MailServerElement.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch
        new public MailServerElement this[string Name]
        {
            get { return BaseGet(Name) as MailServerElement; }
        }

        /// 
        /// Indexes the of.
        /// 
        ///The element.
        /// System.Int32.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:24:16
        public int IndexOf(MailServerElement element)
        {

            return BaseIndexOf(element);
        }

        /// 
        /// Adds the specified element.
        /// 
        ///The element.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:26:06
        public void Add(MailServerElement element)
        {
            BaseAdd(element);
        }

        /// 
        /// Removes the specified element.
        /// 
        ///The element.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:27:01
        public void Remove(MailServerElement element)
        {
            if (BaseIndexOf(element) > 0)
            {
                BaseRemove(element.Client);
            }
        }

        /// 
        /// Removes at.
        /// 
        ///The index.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:33:29
        public void RemoveAt(int index)
        {
            BaseRemoveAt(index);
        }

        /// 
        /// Removes the specified client.
        /// 
        ///The client.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:04
        public void Remove(string client)
        {
            BaseRemove(client);
        }

        /// 
        /// Clears this instance.
        /// 
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:34:29
        public void Clear()
        {
            BaseClear();
        }
    }

 

最后是最外层的group:

 

 

 /// 
    /// Class MailServerSection 为入口:
    /// 
    /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 21:41:02
    public class MailServerSection : ConfigurationSection   //继承配置文件中节
    {
        /// 
        /// Gets the provider.:映射mailServerGroup节点的provider
        /// 
        /// The provider.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:59
        [ConfigurationProperty("provider", IsKey = true)]
        public string provider { get { return this["provider"] as string; } }

        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the mail servers.:映射新添加的节点mailServers节点;这个节点下还包含了若干个mailServer节点,因此它是一个集合类
        /// 
        /// The mail servers.
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 22:05:56
        [ConfigurationProperty("mailServers", IsDefaultCollection = false)]
        public MailServerCollection MailServers
        {
            get
            {
                return this["mailServers"] as MailServerCollection;
            }
            set
            {
                this["mailServers"] = value;
            }

        }
    }

 

 

同样,关联处理类和节点:

 

 

 
 

 

 

之后做个测试:

 

 

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Test();

        }

        /// 
        /// Tests this instance.:读取节点值示例
        /// 
        /// Editor:v-liuhch CreateTime:2015/6/27 23:04:53
        private static void Test() {

            MailServerSection mailSection = (MailServerSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mailServerGroup");
            Console.WriteLine("MailServerSection 的provider属性值:"+mailSection.provider);
            foreach (MailServerElement config in mailSection.MailServers)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------");
                Console.WriteLine("client值为:"+config.Client);
                Console.WriteLine("address值为:"+config.Address);
                Console.WriteLine("username值为:"+config.UserName);
                Console.WriteLine("password值为:"+config.Password);
                Console.WriteLine("----------------------------------");
            }

            Console.ReadKey();

        }

    }

 

 

 

 

本来还想传张结果图,但是网速慢,算啦,喜欢玩儿的童鞋自己run下结果。。。。。