AngularJS 自定义指令详解及示例代码
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2022-06-19 19:29:24
自定义指令中使用angularjs扩展html的功能。自定义指令使用的“指令”的功能定义。自定义指令只是替换了它被激活的元素。引导过程中angularjs应用程序找到了匹配...
自定义指令中使用angularjs扩展html的功能。自定义指令使用的“指令”的功能定义。自定义指令只是替换了它被激活的元素。引导过程中angularjs应用程序找到了匹配的元素，并做好使用自定义指令compile()方法一次活动再处理使用基于指令的范围自定义指令link()方法的元素。 angularjs提供支持，以下列元素的类型来创建自定义指令。
element directives - 指令遇到时激活一个匹配的元素。
attribute - - 指令遇到时激活一个匹配的属性。
css - - 指令遇到时激活匹配css样式。
comment - - 指令遇到时激活匹配的注释。
了解自定义指令
定义自定义的html标签。
<student name="mahesh"></student><br/>
<student name="piyush"></student>
定义自定义指令来处理上面的自定义html标签。
var mainapp = angular.module("mainapp", []);
//create a directive, first parameter is the html element to be attached.
//we are attaching student html tag.
//this directive will be activated as soon as any student element is encountered in html
mainapp.directive('student', function() {
//define the directive object
var directive = {};
//restrict = e, signifies that directive is element directive
directive.restrict = 'e';
//template replaces the complete element with its text.
directive.template = "student: <b>{{student.name}}</b> , roll no: <b>{{student.rollno}}</b>";
//scope is used to distinguish each student element based on criteria.
directive.scope = {
student : "=name"
}
//compile is called during application initialization. angularjs calls it once when html page is loaded.
directive.compile = function(element, attributes) {
element.css("border", "1px solid #cccccc");
//linkfunction is linked with each element with scope to get the element specific data.
var linkfunction = function($scope, element, attributes) {
element.html("student: <b>"+$scope.student.name +"</b> , roll no: <b>"+$scope.student.rollno+"</b><br/>");
element.css("background-color", "#ff00ff");
}
return linkfunction;
}
return directive;
});
定义控制器以更新范围为指令。在这里，我们使用name属性值作为子的作用域。
mainapp.controller('studentcontroller', function($scope) {
$scope.mahesh = {};
$scope.mahesh.name = "mahesh parashar";
$scope.mahesh.rollno = 1;
$scope.piyush = {};
$scope.piyush.name = "piyush parashar";
$scope.piyush.rollno = 2;
});
例子
<html>
<head>
<title>angular js custom directives</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>angularjs sample application</h2>
<div ng-app="mainapp" ng-controller="studentcontroller">
<student name="mahesh"></student><br/>
<student name="piyush"></student>
</div>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.2.15/angular.min.js"></script>
<script>
var mainapp = angular.module("mainapp", []);
mainapp.directive('student', function() {
var directive = {};
directive.restrict = 'e';
directive.template = "student: <b>{{student.name}}</b> , roll no: <b>{{student.rollno}}</b>";
directive.scope = {
student : "=name"
}
directive.compile = function(element, attributes) {
element.css("border", "1px solid #cccccc");
var linkfunction = function($scope, element, attributes) {
element.html("student: <b>"+$scope.student.name +"</b> , roll no: <b>"+$scope.student.rollno+"</b><br/>");
element.css("background-color", "#ff00ff");
}
return linkfunction;
}
return directive;
});
mainapp.controller('studentcontroller', function($scope) {
$scope.mahesh = {};
$scope.mahesh.name = "mahesh parashar";
$scope.mahesh.rollno = 1;
$scope.piyush = {};
$scope.piyush.name = "piyush parashar";
$scope.piyush.rollno = 2;
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
结果
在web浏览器中打开textangularjs.html。看到结果如下：
以上就是对angularjs的自定义指令资料整理，后续继续补充，谢谢大家对本站的支持！