SpringBoot 整合Spring Security安全框架 前后端分离（三）

导入主要的包。导入jpa持久化，web和security是必须的，还有hutool的工具包。
hutool工具包非常好用，推荐一下https://www.hutool.cn/docs/#/（官方文档）。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.4</version>
</dependency>

新建实体类

新建bean。UserInfo 实体类用于储存用户信息。

package com.security.bean;

import lombok.Data;

import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;

@Entity
@Data
public class UserInfo {

    @Id @GeneratedValue
    private long uid;//主键.
    private String username;//用户名.
    private String password;//密码.

    //用户－－角色：多对多的关系．
    @ManyToMany(fetch=FetchType.EAGER)//立即从数据库中进行加载数据;
    @JoinTable(name = "UserPermission", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "uid") }, inverseJoinColumns ={@JoinColumn(name = "permission_id") })
    private List<Permission> permissions;

}

Permission 实体类用于储存权限信息。

package com.security.bean;

import lombok.Data;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Data
public class Permission {
    @Id @GeneratedValue
    private long id;//主键.
    private String url;//授权链

}

UserToken 实体类用于储存用户token。为了主题明确就不用redis了。

package com.security.bean;

import lombok.Data;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
@Data
public class UserToken {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private long id;
    private String username;
    private String token;//令牌
}

这个实体类和数据库没有关系，是spring security要用到的。要继承security的User类。

package com.security.bean;

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;

import java.util.Collection;

@Data
public class LoginUser extends User {

    private String token;//令牌

    public LoginUser(String username, String password, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
        super(username, password, authorities);
    }

    public LoginUser(String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired, boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
        super(username, password, enabled, accountNonExpired, credentialsNonExpired, accountNonLocked, authorities);
    }
}

新建自定义的认证处理类

自定义过滤登录请求。请求登录接口之后会来到这里。

package com.security.filter;

import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CustomAuthenticationFilter extends UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {

    @Override
    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        System.out.println("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
        //从请求参数中获取用户名和密码
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");

        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = null;
        try {
       		//该方法会去调用CustomUserDetailService.loadUserByUsername
            authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken("", "");
        }
        setDetails(request, authRequest);
        return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
    }
}

重写的loadUserByUsername会被spring security自动调用。

package com.security.config;

import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil;
import com.security.bean.LoginUser;
import com.security.bean.Permission;
import com.security.bean.UserInfo;
import com.security.bean.UserToken;
import com.security.repository.UserInfoRepository;
import com.security.repository.UserTokenRepository;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Component
public class CustomUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService{

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoRepository userInfoRepository;
    @Autowired
    private UserTokenRepository userTokenRepository;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("=================================================");
        //通过username获取用户信息
        UserInfo userInfo = userInfoRepository.findByUsername(username);
        if(userInfo == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("not found");
        }

        //定义权限列表.
        List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        // 用户可以访问的资源名称（或者说用户所拥有的权限） 注意：必须"ROLE_"开头
        for(Permission permission:userInfo.getPermissions()) {
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_"+permission.getUrl()));
        }

        LoginUser userDetails = new LoginUser(username,userInfo.getPassword(),authorities);
        //将token也存入LoginUser 对象，之后要返回给前端。
        userDetails.setToken(createToken(username));
        return userDetails;
    }
    
    private String createToken(String username){
        //随便弄个token意思一下，实际的时候可以整点加密什么的。
        String token= RandomUtil.randomString(10);
        //将用户的token存入数据库
        UserToken userToken=userTokenRepository.findByUsername(username);
        if(userToken==null){
            userToken=new UserToken();
        }
        userToken.setUsername(username);
        userToken.setToken(token);
        userTokenRepository.save(userToken);
        return token;
    }
}

新建登录handler

登录成功之后会执行。

package com.security.handler;

import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.security.bean.LoginUser;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException {
        System.err.println("登录成功。。。");       
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        // 以json的方式返回用户相关信息
        LoginUser user = (LoginUser)authentication.getPrincipal();
        System.err.println("用户信息："+user);
        response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(user));
    }
}

登录失败之后会执行。

package com.security.handler;

import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyAuthenticationFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException {
        System.err.println("登录失败。。。");
        // 以json的方式返回登录异常信息到前端
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(e.getMessage()));
    }
}

新建配置类

package com.security.config;

import com.security.filter.CustomAuthenticationFilter;
import com.security.handler.MyAuthenticationFailureHandler;
import com.security.handler.MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

@Configuration
//开启Spring Security的功能
@EnableWebSecurity
//添加@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity注解开启Spring方法级安全
// prePostEnabled 决定Spring Security的前注解是否可用 [@PreAuthorize,@PostAuthorize,..],设置为true
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.cors().and()
            .antMatcher("/**").authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/", "/login**").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            //这里必须要写formLogin()，不然原有的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter不会出现，也就无法配置我们重新的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
            .and().formLogin().loginPage("/")
            .and().csrf().disable();
        //用重写的Filter替换掉原有的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
        http.addFilterAt(customAuthenticationFilter(),UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    }

    /*
     * 注册自定义的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
     */
    @Bean
    public CustomAuthenticationFilter customAuthenticationFilter() throws Exception {
        CustomAuthenticationFilter filter = new CustomAuthenticationFilter();
        filter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler(new MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler());
        filter.setAuthenticationFailureHandler(new MyAuthenticationFailureHandler());
        //自定义登录接口，请求时需要传入username和password。
        filter.setFilterProcessesUrl("/login");
        //这句很关键，重用WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter配置的AuthenticationManager，不然要自己组装AuthenticationManager
        filter.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationManagerBean());
        return filter;
    }

    /*
     * 指定加密方式
     */
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
}

新建自定义的权限验证类

package com.security.config;

import com.security.bean.Permission;
import com.security.bean.UserInfo;
import com.security.bean.UserToken;
import com.security.repository.UserInfoRepository;
import com.security.repository.UserTokenRepository;
import com.security.utils.ServletUtils;
import com.security.utils.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 权限验证类
 */
@Component
public class PermissionService {

    @Autowired
    private UserTokenRepository userTokenRepository;

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoRepository userInfoRepository;

    /**
     * 验证用户是否具备某权限
     * @param permission 权限字符串
     * @return 用户是否具备某权限
     */
    public boolean hasPermi(String permission){
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(permission)){
            return false;
        }

        //获取token,直接放参数里面方便测试。
        String token=ServletUtils.getRequest().getParameter("token");
        UserToken userToken = userTokenRepository.findByToken(token);
        if(userToken==null){
            return false;
        }

        //当前用户权限列表
        UserInfo userInfo =userInfoRepository.findByUsername(userToken.getUsername());
        List<Permission> permissionList=userInfo.getPermissions();
        if (permissionList.size()==0){
            return false;
        }
        List<String> permissions=new ArrayList<>();
        for (Permission perm:permissionList){
            permissions.add(perm.getUrl());
        }

        System.err.println(permissions);
        return hasPermissions(permissions, permission);
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否包含权限
     * @param permissions 权限列表
     * @param permission 权限字符串
     * @return 用户是否具备某权限
     */
    private boolean hasPermissions(List<String> permissions, String permission){
        return permissions.contains(permission);
    }
}

开始测试

新建单元测试，只为往数据库加两个用户。密码要加密。

package com.security;

import com.security.bean.UserInfo;
import com.security.repository.UserInfoRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = DemoApplication.class)
class DemoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private UserInfoRepository userInfoRepository;

    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        UserInfo admin = new UserInfo();
        admin.setUsername("admin");
        admin.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"));
        userInfoRepository.save(admin);

        UserInfo user = new UserInfo();
        user.setUsername("user");
        user.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode("123456"));
        userInfoRepository.save(user);
    }
}

运行一下这个单元测试，所有的表jpa都会自动生成。
自动生成了用户信息表，用户也添加上了。

自动生成的权限信息表，手动添加的数据。

自动生成了用户权限关系表，手动添加了两个用户的权限。
三个表和起来看可以发现用户admin拥有admin权限和user权限，而用户user只拥有user权限。
最后还有个存用户token 的表，实际项目可以考虑用redis。

新建HelloController类。这个验证方式参考了若依的前后端分离框架，非常不错的框架，特别是在自动生成代码方面。
对SpringBoot + Vue + Elemen UI感兴趣的朋友值得一看http://ruoyi.vip/（官方网站）。

package com.security.controller;

import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @GetMapping("/helloAdmin")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("@permissionService.hasPermi('helloAdmin')")
    public String helloAdmin(String token) {
        return "I am Admin";
    }

    @GetMapping("/helloUser")
    @ResponseBody
    @PreAuthorize("@permissionService.hasPermi('helloUser')")
    public String helloUser(String token) {
        return "I am User";
    }
}

请求登录接口http://localhost:8080/login?username=user&password=123456。为了方便测试，所有的接口都直接用GET请求了。

登录用户user

用户user可以访问helloUser接口。

用户user不能访问helloAdmin接口。

登录admin用户

admin用户两个接口都可访问。


真的是麻烦，以后还是用shiro吧。

退出登录

先新建一个退出成功handler。

package com.security.handler;

import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.security.bean.LoginUser;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutSuccessHandler;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyLogoutSuccessHandler implements LogoutSuccessHandler {
    @Override
    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
        LoginUser user = (LoginUser) authentication.getPrincipal();
        String username = user.getUsername();
        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr("用户"+username+"退出登录"));
    }
}

然后在WebSecurityConfig 配置类的configure方法中加上下面这一行。

.and().logout().logoutSuccessHandler(new MyLogoutSuccessHandler())

退出的时候直接请求http://localhost:8080/logout，就用它自带的吧。自己生成的token就不用管了，下次登录会刷新。