Android源码分析之Handler机制

面试的时候经常被问到Handler机制，但一直也没有自己去看源码总结，最近有空，自己总结下。自我感觉逻辑方面很清晰。

Handler机制本质上就是一个MessageQueue管理Message的过程

先上图

分析具体步骤：

1. 创建Handler

默认情况下，会获取当前线程的looper，如果非主线程没有初始化，会抛异常

		mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
		if (mLooper == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "Can't create handler inside thread " + Thread.currentThread()
                        + " that has not called Looper.prepare()");
        }

2. 初始化looper Looper.prepare()

初始化looper，会通过cpp建立一个消息队列，并且looper中持有当前线程的对象

	private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
        ...
        sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
    }
    private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) {
        mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed);//looper绑定消息队列
        mThread = Thread.currentThread();//looper绑定当前线程
    }
    MessageQueue(boolean quitAllowed) {
        mQuitAllowed = quitAllowed;
        mPtr = nativeInit();//创建对应的cpp   NativeMessageQueue*对象
    }

3. 开启循环遍历消息队列 looper.looper()

开启一个死循环来遍历消息队列

 //looper方法中执行死循环
 for (;;) {
 	...
 	//looper()方法中
	msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);
 }
 //handler()方法中
 public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
     ...
     //调用自定义逻辑
     handleMessage(msg);
 }	

4. 创建Thread pthread_create创建线程，并设置回调

//cpp中创建
Thread* child_thread = new Thread(is_daemon);
//创建线程
pthread_create_result = pthread_create(&new_pthread,&attr,Thread::CreateCallback,child_thread);

5. 通过java_lang_Thread_run调用Thread的run方法

//回调java
jmethodID mid = WellKnownClasses::java_lang_Thread_run;
...
InvokeVirtualOrInterfaceWithJValues(soa, ref.get(), mid, nullptr);
...
ArtMethod* method = FindVirtualMethod(receiver, jni::DecodeArtMethod(mid));
...
InvokeWithArgArray(soa, method, &arg_array, &result, shorty);

6. 发送消息handler.sendEmptyMessage(1)

//获取looper的消息队列
MessageQueue queue = mQueue;
//消息msg插入队列中
msg.next = p; 
prev.next = msg;