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Ajax post和get两种提交方式

程序员文章站 2022-07-09 09:01:48
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最近看ajax基础教程,学者敲书上的代码。在这里记录一下,方便以后用时可以查阅。

GetAndPostExample.html的源码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>

	<script type="text/javascript">
		var xmlHttp ;
		function createXMLHttpRequest(){
			if(window.ActiveXObject){
				xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
			} else if(window.XMLHttpRequest){
				xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
			}
		}
		
		function createQueryString(){
			var firstName = document.getElementById("firstName").value;
			var middleName = document.getElementById("middleName").value;
			var birthday = document.getElementById("birthday").value;
			
			var queryString = "firstName="+firstName+"&middleName="+middleName
			+"&birthday="+birthday;
			
			return queryString;
		}
		
		function doRequestUsingGET(){
			createXMLHttpRequest();
			var queryString  = "GetAndPostExample?";
			queryString = queryString + createQueryString()+
			"&timestamp="+ new Date().getTime();
			xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
			xmlHttp.open("GET",queryString,true);
			xmlHttp.send(null);
		}
		
		function doRequestUsingPOST(){
			createXMLHttpRequest();
			var url = "GetAndPostExample?timestampe=" + new Date().getTime();
			xmlHttp.open("POST",url,true);
			xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;
			xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;");
			
			var queryString  = createQueryString();
			xmlHttp.send(queryString);
		}
		
		function handleStateChange(){
		
			if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4){
				if(xmlHttp.status == 200) {
					parseResults();
				}
			}
		}
		
		function parseResults(){
		
			var responseDiv = document.getElementById("serverResponse");
			if (responseDiv.hasChildNodes()){
				responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[0]);
			}
			
			var responseText = document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);
			responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);
		}
	</script>
</head>
<body>
	<table>
		<tbody>
			<tr>
				<td>firstName</td>
				<td><input type="text" id="firstName"/></td>
			</tr>
			
			<tr>
				<td>middleName</td>
				<td><input type="text" id="middleName"/></td>
			</tr>
			
			<tr>
				<td>birthday</td>
				<td><input type="text" id="birthday"/></td>
			</tr>
		</tbody>
	</table>
	
	<form action="#">
		<input type="button" value="Send Parameter use GET" onclick="doRequestUsingGET();"/>
		<br/><br/>
		
		<input type="button" value="Send Parameter use POST" onclick="doRequestUsingPOST();"/>
		
	</form>
	
	<br/><br/>
	<h2>server response:</h2>
		<div id="serverResponse">
		</div>
</body>
</html>


上面的请求将调用服务器端得GetAndPostExample这个servlet。
GetAndPostExample.java代码如下:
package ajaxbook.chap3;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class GetAndPostExample extends HttpServlet{
	
	
	protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest req,
			HttpServletResponse res,String method) throws IOException{
		res.setContentType("text/xml");
		
		String firstName = req.getParameter("firstName");
		String middleName = req.getParameter("middleName");
		String birthday = req.getParameter("birthday");
		
		StringBuilder sBuilder =  new StringBuilder();
		sBuilder.append("Hello ").append(firstName).append(" ").append(middleName);
		sBuilder.append(". Your birthday is ").
		append(birthday).append(". Your request method is ").append(method).append(" .");
		
		PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();
		pw.write(sBuilder.toString());
		
		pw.close();		
	}

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("the get method");
		processRequest(req,res,"GET");
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("the post method");
		processRequest(req,res,"POST");
	}
	
}



开始时遇到一点小问题,客户端请求不到该servlet。后面还是想起来了,要在web.xml文件中配置servlet和请求路径。看来是用struts用多了,都忘了最基本的了。
web.xml中要配置请求的servlet.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
	
	
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>GetAndPostExample</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>ajaxbook.chap3.GetAndPostExample</servlet-class>
	</servlet>
	
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>GetAndPostExample</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/GetAndPostExample</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	
</web-app>