【C#】贪吃蛇小游戏

自学了几天C#，尝试写了一个贪吃蛇小游戏，比较详细地做了注释，实现：

（1）贪吃蛇基本功能

（2）长按加速

（3）计分板

XAML代码及界面

<Window x:Class="贪吃蛇.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:贪吃蛇"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="400" ResizeMode="NoResize" KeyDown="Window_KeyDown" KeyUp="Window_KeyUp" >
    <Canvas x:Name="map" Margin="0" Background="White">
        <Label x:Name="showScore" Canvas.Left="340" Canvas.Top="10" Height="27" Width="44" Background="#FFC7C7C7"/>
    </Canvas>
</Window>

C#代码

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Threading;

namespace 贪吃蛇
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {

        DispatcherTimer timer = new DispatcherTimer();//适用于UI界面的计时器
        DispatcherTimer keytimer = new DispatcherTimer();//用于判定键盘长按

        //界面300*400
        const int SIDE = 10;//每个格子的边长
        int row;//行数
        int column;//列数
        int score;//得分

        Random rNumber = new Random();//随机数

        Border food = new Border();//食物

        Snake snake = new Snake();//生成一条蛇

        public MainWindow()//初始化即主程序
        {
            InitializeComponent();//初始化窗体内容

            //行列数生成
            row = 300 / SIDE;
            column = 400 / SIDE;

            score = 0;//分数初始为0

            //食物初始化
            food.Width = food.Height = SIDE;//食物大小
            food.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(90);//通过边缘角度设置食物形状：圆形
            food.Background = new RadialGradientBrush(Colors.Black, Colors.Black);//食物颜色：黑色
            //生成第一颗食物
            Canvas.SetLeft(food, rNumber.Next(0, column - 4) * SIDE);
            Canvas.SetTop(food, rNumber.Next(0, row - 4) * SIDE);
            map.Children.Add(food);
            Canvas.SetZIndex(food,1);//设置食物所在层数

            //计时器设置
            timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200);//设置计时器事件间隔，即界面刷新速度，直接设置
            timer.Start();//计时器启动
            timer.Tick += timer_Tick;

            //蛇位置初始化            
            Canvas.SetLeft(snake[0], 2 * SIDE);Canvas.SetTop(snake[0], 0); map.Children.Add(snake[0]);
            Canvas.SetZIndex(snake[0], 2);//设置蛇头所在层数
            Canvas.SetLeft(snake[1], 1 * SIDE); Canvas.SetTop(snake[1], 0); map.Children.Add(snake[1]);
            Canvas.SetLeft(snake[2], 0); Canvas.SetTop(snake[2], 0); map.Children.Add(snake[2]);//记得“map.Children.Add”把元素加入窗口

            //得分板初始化
            showScore.Content = score;
        }

        //新食物生成
        public void NewFoodGenerate()
        {
            //删除已存在食物
            map.Children.Remove(food);
            //随机生成食物位置
            Canvas.SetLeft(food, rNumber.Next(0, column - 4) * SIDE);
            Canvas.SetTop(food, rNumber.Next(0, row - 4) * SIDE);
            //将食物加入Canvas
            map.Children.Add(food);
            //本应加入程序防止食物生成在体内，但性能可能有限制
        }

        //计时器每一个计时周期内的时间处理程序
        void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {            
            //蛇身自动移动
            for (int n = snake.Count - 1; n >= 1; n--)
            {
                //吃食物增长长度
                if ((Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0]) == Canvas.GetLeft(food)) && (Canvas.GetTop(snake[0]) == Canvas.GetTop(food)))
                {
                    snake.Add();
                    map.Children.Add(snake[snake.Count - 1]);
                    NewFoodGenerate();
                    n = snake.Count - 1;
                    score++;
                    showScore.Content = score;//更改得分
                }
                Canvas.SetLeft(snake[n], Canvas.GetLeft(snake[n - 1]));
                Canvas.SetTop(snake[n], Canvas.GetTop(snake[n - 1]));                
            }
            
            //蛇头移动
            switch (snake[0].Tag.ToString())
            {
                case "W":
                    Canvas.SetTop(snake[0], Canvas.GetTop(snake[0])-SIDE);                                      
                    break;//待拓展出错处理程序
                case "A":
                    Canvas.SetLeft(snake[0], Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0]) - SIDE);
                    break;
                case "S":
                    Canvas.SetTop(snake[0], Canvas.GetTop(snake[0]) + SIDE);
                    break;
                case "D":
                    Canvas.SetLeft(snake[0], Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0]) + SIDE);
                    break;
            }
            //最后再检测是否失败
            if (Fail())
            {
                MessageBox.Show($"最终得分：{score}");
                timer.Stop();
                Close();
            }
        }

        //失败鉴定程序
        public bool Fail()
        {
            //碰壁
            if(Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0])<0|| Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0])> (column - 4) * SIDE
                || Canvas.GetTop(snake[0])<0|| Canvas.GetTop(snake[0])> (row - 4) * SIDE)
            {                
                return true;
            }
            //碰到自己
            for(int n = 1; n < snake.Count; n++)
            {
                if(Canvas.GetLeft(snake[0])== Canvas.GetLeft(snake[n])&& Canvas.GetTop(snake[0])== Canvas.GetTop(snake[n]))
                {                   
                    return true;
                }                    
            }
            return false;
        }

        //获取键盘值，输入则得值
        private void Window_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            string key = e.Key.ToString();//一个事件间隔内只能输入一个键
            if (key == "W" && snake[0].Tag.ToString() != "S")
            {
                snake[0].Tag = "W";
            }
            if (key == "A" && snake[0].Tag.ToString() != "D")
            {
                snake[0].Tag = "A";
            }
            if (key == "S" && snake[0].Tag.ToString() != "W")
            {
                snake[0].Tag = "S";
            }
            if (key == "D" && snake[0].Tag.ToString() != "A")
            {
                snake[0].Tag = "D";
            }

            keytimer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(400);//400ms后开始加速
            keytimer.IsEnabled=true;//计时器启动
            keytimer.Tick += keytimer_Tick;//事件关联到事件处理程序上
        }
        //加速事件处理程序
        void keytimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100);//加速
        }
        //结束加速
        private void Window_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200);//还原速度
            keytimer.IsEnabled=false;
        }
    }

    public class Snake : CollectionBase//继承链表类
    {
        const int SIDE = 10;//每个格子的边长

        //生成蛇节点
        public Border CreateSnakeNode()
        {
            Border snakeNode = new Border();
            snakeNode.Width = snakeNode.Height = SIDE;
            snakeNode.Background = new RadialGradientBrush(Colors.Red, Colors.Red);
            return snakeNode;
        }

        //重载Add，贪吃蛇游戏只需自动增加相同的节点即可
        public void Add()
        {
            List.Add(CreateSnakeNode());
        }

        //初始化的蛇有三个节点
        public Snake()
        {
            Add();
            Add();
            Add();
            this[0].Background = new RadialGradientBrush(Colors.White,Colors.Red);//标记蛇头
            this[0].Tag = "D";//初始蛇向右走
        }

        //重载[]
        public Border this[int nodeIndex]
        {
            get { return (Border)List[nodeIndex]; }
        }
    }
}

改进：可以做些界面联动，AI蛇

 

参考：

Hui110110  C#中的贪吃蛇

http://blog.csdn.net/hui110110/article/details/52431657

 

Yang-Fei  [C#].NET中几种Timer的使用

https://www.cnblogs.com/yang-fei/p/6169089.html

 

绿意无痕  C# WPF Border控件总结

http://blog.csdn.net/lvyiwuhen/article/details/53212450

 

yongh701【C#】按钮长按

http://blog.csdn.net/yongh701/article/details/50134379